Detection of Antimicrobial Resistance Genes in Alcaligenes faecalis Isolated from Urine Samples of HIV-Positive Individuals

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) pose a significant health challenge for individuals living with HIV, often involving opportunistic pathogens with escalating antimicrobial resistance. This study focused on Alcaligenes faecalis isolates recovered from urine samples of HIV-positive individuals attending a selected health facility in Akure, Nigeria. The study employed 16S rRNA gene sequencing for identification and PCR-based screening for key resistance genes. Three isolates (SM1, SM5, and SM11) were confirmed as A. faecalis, exhibiting a consistent genotypic profile with presence of qnrB (fluoroquinolone resistance) at 400 bp and aadA (aminoglycoside resistance) at 300 bp, while negative for blaOXA-114, AcrB, BlaGes, sul3, and FosA. These findings highlight a core resistome in these environmental-origin opportunists, underscoring the need for genotypic surveillance in immunocompromised populations to guide empirical therapy. The absence of blaOXA-114 further validates species distinction from related Achromobacter species.