Abstract

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Tuberculosis (TB) and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) are among the leading causes of death in Nigeria and Africa with HIV increasing the TB epidemic. This study aimed to determine the Prevalence of HIV among TB patients attending Martha Bamaiyi General Hospital (MBGH) Zuru Kebbi State, Nigeria. It was a cross-sectional study that involved 185 presumptive TB patients that attended MBGH Tuberculosis Laboratory Zuru. Sputum samples were collected from the patients and their TB status was determined using Gene Xpert (MTB/RIF). Demographic information and patients’ HIV status was also documented from their medical record. The result revealed that the prevalence of TB among the studied patients was 17.3% (32/185) and 0% prevalence for RR-TB. The HIV prevalence was found to be 21.62% (40/185) while HIV-TB co-infection was 12.5% (4/185). Males had higher TB prevalence rate of 59.4% while more females (75%) were infected with HIV and had higher HIV-TB co-infection of 100%. Patients aged 25-34 years old had higher HIV infection rate of 38.89%. Based on settlements, the HIV-TB co-infected patients in semi-urban settlement had the highest co-infection rate (50%) while those in urban settlement were more infected with HIV (38.89%). Among the local governments, Danko-Wasagu had the highest HIV prevalence of 58.33% and higher HIV co-infected patients (75%) respectively. Hence, for effective TB control and to minimize the rate of transmission and acquisition of new infections there is the need for quick response and intervention by the appropriate agencies.

Keywords: Tuberculosis, HIV, Co-infection, Gene Xpert