Abstract

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In the last few decades, the levels of antibiotic resistant infections in the developing countries have increased steadily. This was as a result of combination of microbial characteristics and the selective pressure of antimicrobial use. In this study, 100 clinical samples were screened for bacterial genera. The identified organisms were tested for antibiotic resistant pattern, beta-lactamase production hemolytic activity and multiple antibiotic resistance index. Correlation of antibiotic resistance with tested virulent factors was determined by statistical means. Ninety two (92) bacterial isolates belonging to 9 genera were isolated from the 100 clinical samples. Of these isolates, 62(67%) were Gram negative while 30 (33%) were Gram positive. E. coli (25%) was the most isolated organism while the least were K. pneumoniae and Shigella spp with 2% each. All the organisms were mostly isolated from urine with the exception of Salmonella spp which occurred mostly in stool samples. Beta-lactamase was produced by 59(64%) of the isolated organisms, out of which 43(69.4%) and 16(53.3%) were Gram negative and Gram positive organisms respectively. None of the organisms was a-hemolytic, 64(69.6%) were y-hemolytic (non-hemolytic), while 28(30.4%) were P-hemolytic. The resistant pattern of all the isolates showed a multidrug resistant (MDR) phenotype especially among members of the family Enterobacteriaceae. On Gram negative organisms, the result showed significant correlation in antibiotic resistance between P-lac+ and P-lac- organisms (P=0.010) and between P-hemolytic and y-hemolytic organisms (P=0.001). On Staphylococcus spp, there was no significant correlation in antibiotic resistance between P-lac+ and P-lac- (P=0.401) and between P-hemolytic and y hemolytic Staphylococcus spp (P=0.590).The high rate of antimicrobial resistance among bacterial isolates from common clinical specimens obtained from patients attending Mubi General Hospital, Adamawa State was rather alarming and required urgent attention.

Keywords: orrelation, antibiotic resistance, Virulence, P-lactamase, haemolytic, MDR