Comparative Assessment of the Efficacy of Selected Antibiotics against Bacterial Isolates from Wound and Urinary Tract Infections
Abstract
This study conducted a comparative assessment of the efficacy of selected antibiotics against bacterial isolates from wound and urinary tract infections from Alex-Ekwueme Federal Teaching Hospital in Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria using antimicrobial disc diffusion method. Bacteria were isolated from wound and urine samples, the isolates were identified through biochemical tests and were all confirmed before usage. The isolates including Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus faecalis were used. Antibiotic susceptibility pattern was done using commonly used antimicrobial agents which includes Azithromycin tagged (AZ) 15/µg, Ofloxacin 2meg tagged (OF) 2/µg and Gentamicine ( GEN)10/µg. Also, synergistic effects of Cefuroxime + clavulanic acid tagged (STx) 30/10µg and Ceftriaxon + sulbactam tagged (CS) 30/15µg were as carried out using double disc diffusion method through standard antibiotic susceptibility test. The results revealed varied sensitivity patterns against the isolates. Overall sensitivity of the isolates was 583 out of 800 Ceftriaxone demonstrated the highest sensitivity against Escherichia coli and K. pneumoniae, while Gentamicin was most effective against Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus faecalis. Also, the highest sensitivity shows to be on Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli. The result concludes that Ceftriaxone and sulbactam has the highest percentage sensitivity (82.0%), followed by gentamicin (42%), making them strong antibiotic for empirical treatment of both wound and urinary tract infections. The study recommends for antibiotic regimen programs to combat resistance and optimize patient outcomes. Additionally, the study calls on hospitals to adopt robust antimicrobial regimen programs to monitor and regulate the use of antibiotics, minimizing the misuse or overuse of these drugs to reduce antibiotic resistance and enhance effective treatment
Keywords: Antibiotics, resistance, antimicrobial regimen, urinary tract infections