Research Article

Phytochemical Analysis and Antibiofilm Activity of Allium Sativum Against Food-Borne Microorganisms

Ohaegbu C. G1*, Achi N.K.2, Asamudo N. V3
1 Department of Microbiology, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture Umudikp, Abia state, Nigeria
2 Department of Biochemistry, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture Umudike, Abia state, Nigeria
3 Department of Microbiology, University of Uyo, Uyo; Nigeria.
* Corresponding author: chineduohaegbu@gmail.com
Published: Dec, 2017
Pages: 3942-3952

Abstract

This work evaluates the chemical composition and antibiofilm potential of extracts from Allium sativum in the search for green and effective alternatives for overcoming menace of biofilms. The work evaluated the antimicrobial activity of the extracts against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, minimum biofilm inhibitory concentration, inhibition of initial cell attachment as well as disruption of preformed biofilm. Phytochemical analysis of the plant extract was also carried out using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The antimicrobial activity was investigated using the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration assay (MIC) as well as Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC). Allium sativum ethanol extract showed the highest antimicrobial activity against the test organisms with MIC and MBC values u 1 mg/ml. P. aeruginosa showed more susceptibility to the extracts in the antimicrobial activity test with MIC and MBC values of 0.09 mg/ml and 0.5 mg/ml respectively. However, it showed more resistance in the antibiofilm activity test with MBIC value of 1.0625 mg/ml. Allium sativum ethanol extract inhibited cell attachment by at least 50% against the two test organisms while the aqueous and methanol extracts showed no activity at the concentration tested. Disruption of preformed biofilms revealed that Allium sativum ethanol extract showed 50% inhibition against S. aureus but not P. aeruginosa. Antibiofilm potential and biosafety of bioactive compounds from Allium sativum reveals a prospective active principle that could be of use in biofilm associated menace.

Keywords

Antibiofilm; Allium sativum; extract; activity; phytoche-mical; GC-MS

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How to Cite

G, O. C., N.K., A., & V, A. N. (2017). Phytochemical Analysis and Antibiofilm Activity of Allium Sativum Against Food-Borne Microorganisms. Nigerian Journal of Microbiology, 31(2), 3942-3952.

O. C. G, A. N.K., and A. N. V, "Phytochemical Analysis and Antibiofilm Activity of Allium Sativum Against Food-Borne Microorganisms," Nigerian Journal of Microbiology, vol. 31, no. 2, pp. 3942-3952, December 2017.

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