Abstract

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Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most well-known pathogens today. Despite recent declines in its prevalence in some areas, MRSA remains a significant clinical concern with a high rate of morbidity and death. As a result of antibiotic use in the clinic, methicillin-resistant S. aureus has arisen (MRSA). Throughout the last few decades, new MRSA clones have been discovered. Unlike traditional MRSA, which is only seen in hospitals, the new clones can spread throughout the community and infect people with no known risk factors. This pattern will continue to emerge as the MRSA reservoir in companion and food animals increases. The aim of this review was to conduct a literature evaluation of basic and clinical MRSA research, with an emphasis on epidemiology, evolution, and S. aureus virulence factors. The study goes on to explain how molecular techniques have been used to classify methicillin resistance determinants as well as their evolutionary history.

Keywords: Methicillin resistant, Staphylococcus aureus, Infection, epidemiology, History, evolution