Volume 33, Issue 1 (June)

1

Research Article

Incidence of Mycoflora and Mycotoxin Contamination in Pupuru; a locally Fermented Cassava Flour Sold in Okitipupa, Ondo State, Nigeria

Adeyemo I.A.^*, Olaribigbe O

This study estimated the mycoflora and mycotoxins (aflatoxin and fumonisin) contamination of Pupuru; a locally fermented cassava flour sold in four markets (Okitipupa, Ilutitun, Igodan and Ikoya) in Okitipupa, Ondo state, southwestern Nigeria. Sixty (60) samples gotten from the markets were found to be lightly contaminated with aflatoxin (P

Jun, 2019 pp. 4364-4372

2

Research Article

Production of Bacteriocins by Lactobacillus plantarum and Pediococcus acidilactici Isolated from Cow Milk

Anumudu Christian K^*, Ikimi Charles G, Zige Douye Victor, Omeje Faith I, Gbodo Edoama E

A dramatic increase in bacterial resistance towards currently available antibiotics has raised worldwide concerns for public health. Therefore, bacteriocins which are antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have emerged as a promisingly new group of therapeutic agents for managing infectious diseases and possibly in food preservation. The present study focusses on the isolation of novel bacteriocins from an...

Jun, 2019 pp. 4373 - 4379

3

Research Article

Risk Factors Associated with Tinea capitis among Pupils in Lagos, Ekiti and Ogun States, Nigeria

Egwuatu T. O.^*, Ukhureigbe O. M., OJO S.K.S, Ogeneh, B.O., Osanyinlusi S. A., Ajayi, E.O.

Dermatophytes, the aetiological factor of Tinea capitis are pathogens causing infections of various courses. Limited studies of Tinea capitis have been carried out in Nigeria. This study therefore is aimed at determining the risk factors associated with this infection in Ado-odo Ota (Ogun State), Somolu, (Lagos State) and Oye-Ekiti, (Ekiti State). Scalp lesions of 102 primary school children were ...

Jun, 2019 pp. 4380 - 4386

4

Research Article

High Burden of On-Going HSV-1 and -2 Infections in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Individuals in a Secondary Healthcare Facility in Imo State, Nigeria

Udeze A.O^*, Adeoti O.T, Ogunrinola O.T, Sule W.F

Because of shared route of transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), herpes  simplex virus type 1(HSV-I) and type 2 (HSV-2), HIV-1-infected persons are also susceptible to infection by  HSV-1 and HSV-2. This study aimed at determining the prevalence of HSV-1 and HSV-2 IgM antibodies  among HIV-infected individuals accessing healthcare at General Hospital, Awo-Omamma Imo state, N...

Jun, 2019 pp. 4387 - 4396

5

Research Article

The Role of MTBDR plus ver 2.0 in the Detection of Drug Resistant Tuberculosis in Smear-Negative Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Kano, Nigeria

Abubakar D. Tukur.^*, Aishatu I. Aminu., Abdulhadi K. Sale., Jamiu O. Olabamiji., Umar A. Aliyu, Aminu M. Bashir, Bashir R. Usaini, Murtala Rabiu, Nafisatu Bello

The development of multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and extensively drug resistant  tuberculosis XDR-TB coupled with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Co-infection with TB has brought a major  setback in the tuberculosis control strategies worldwide including Nigeria. The Genotype MTBDR plus VER  2.0 is widely recognized for its excellent performance due to its rapid detection of drug resistan...

Jun, 2019 pp. 4397-4402

6

Research Article

Investigation of Escherichia coli Distribution in Drinking Water Wells Close to Septic Tanks in Densely Populated Areas of Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria

Adeyemi F.M^*, Akinde S.B, Oyedara O.O, Wahab A.A, Jimoh S.O

Groundwater, which serves as the major drinking water source to densely populated areas in Osogbo  metropolis, are usually in close proximity to defective septic tanks. Faecal contamination of such water system  is inevitable. This work investigated the faecal contaminants in eighty wells from five locations. Total coliform  count (TCC) was determined using Most Probable Number (MPN) and membrane ...

Jun, 2019 pp. 4403 - 4414

7

Research Article

Microbiological Analysis and Nutritional Constituents of Achatina achatina Subjected to various Cooking Methods

Akpomie O.O^*, Akponah E, Onoharigho I, Isiakpere O.P, Adewuyi I. S

Achatina achatina harbours many microorganisms which may cause diseases or spoil the  snail if not properly cooked. The study investigated the effect of some methods of cooking; frying,  boiling, smoke-drying and oven-drying on the nutritional constituents and microorganisms isolated  from snail to ascertain the best method which can reduce the or eliminate the unwanted organisms.  Microorganisms ...

Jun, 2019 pp. 4415 - 4422

8

Research Article

Assessment of Biodegradation Potential on Different Soil Particles

Yahaya, S^*, Bappa, A.M.

An explosion in the world’s population has led to an increase in the demand for crude oil and its products resulting in an increased environmental pollution and thus leading to loss in biodiversity. Environmental reclamation by natural technique is believed to be eco-friendly and cost effective. This research investigated the biodegradation of crude oil supported on different soil particle size...

Jun, 2019 pp. 4423-4433

9

Research Article

Detection of Chikungunya Virus among Febrile Patients in Lagos

Ayolabi, Christianah Idowu^*, Ibemgbo, Sylvester Agha, Olusola, Babatunde Adebiyi, Rasaq, Muinat Busayo, Oriyomi, Babatunde Lawal

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is an alphavirus transmitted by culicine mosquitoes and causes Chikungunya fever, a febrile illness usually with concomitant rash and arthralgia. Having spread to over 40 countries worldwide and classified as a class B priority pathogen, CHIKV is an important threat to public health but has poor surveillance as with other viral haemorrhagic fevers (VHF) in Nigeria. The...

Jun, 2019 pp. 4434-4441

10

Research Article

Synergistic Effect of some Selected Antibiotics with Terminalia catappa Leaves Extract against the Multi-Drug Resistant ETEC Isolated from Vegetables Sold within Kano metropolis, Kano State, Nigeria

Shamsuddeen, U.^*, Gurama, A. G, Dahiru, A. T

This study was carried out in order to isolate and identify MDRs ETEC from vegetable samples, and test for the synergistic effect of umbrella leaves extract with some selected antibiotics on the resistant strains. Fifty (50) vegetables samples were collected which includes Cabbage, Lettuce, Spinach, Cucumber and Carrots, (10 samples each). Samples were chopped into smaller pieces using a sterile s...

Jun, 2019 pp. 4442-4449

11

Research Article

Seroprevalence of Measles Specific IgG Antibody among Children in Adamawa State Nigeria

Isa, H.^*, Ja’afaru, M. I., Bashir, M, Suleiman, Y. A.

Measles account for nearly half of the 1.7 million annual deaths due to childhood vaccine-preventable diseases. Presence of measles specific IgG antibodies has been proven to correlate with protection (immunity) to natural measles infection. This study was therefore designed to determine the seroprevalence of measles specific IgG in relation to vaccination status, types of settlement and parent...

Jun, 2019 pp. 4450-4454

12

Research Article

Thermal Adaptation and Inactivation of Vegetable and Environmental isolates of Listeria monocytogenes in Fish Soup Model

Ogechukwu P. Onwuazor^*, Jerry Obeta Ugwuanyi

All over the world, vegetables are routinely eaten raw or partially exposed to heat as part of food garnishing. Used in these ways, these vegetables can become sources of infection with various food borne pathogenic organisms. This study assessed the contamination of vegetables and related environmental materials with L. monocytogenes and the thermal adaptive responses, heat resistance (D-value...

Jun, 2019 pp. 4455-4464

13

Research Article

Occult Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Previously Screened Blood from Blood Banks in Kaduna Metropolis

Jolayemi Bashir A.D.^*, Abdulsalami, M.S, Egbe N.E.

Hepatitis refers to an inflammatory condition of the liver. It is commonly caused by a viral infection, but there are other possible causes of hepatitis. This study sought to determine the prevalence of Occult hepatitis B virus infection in previously screened blood from blood banks in Kaduna metropolis. The method involved collection of 2.0 ml of blood from donor’s pilot sample and re-testing the...

Jun, 2019 pp. 4465-4473

14

Research Article

Effects of Fermentation on the Nutritional and Anti-Nutritional Components of Cooked/Boiled Water Melon (Citrullus lanatus) Seed

Makinde O.A.^*

Watermelon is a commonly consumed fruit. However, only the fleshy pulp is usually consumed leaving the seed and rind to be discarded. The effects of processing (heat treatment and fermentation) on the proximate composition and anti-nutrient components of watermelon (Citrullus lanatus var. lanatus) seeds were investigated. Fermentation was carried out by first boiling seeds for 3h, wrapped in cl...

Jun, 2019 pp. 4474-4484

15

Research Article

Mycoremediation of Benzene, Toluene, Ethyl benzene and Xylene (BTEX) Compounds by Fungi Isolated from Hydrocarbon-contaminated Soil

Usman, N., Tijjani^*, M.B., Atta, H.I.

Benzene, toluene, ethyl benzene and xylene(BTEX)are the most commonly cited monoaromatic compounds in environmental pollution in recent years due to their high solubility and toxicity in ground water and soils. This studywas conducted in order to isolate and enumerate fungi in soils heavily polluted with petroleum hydrocarbons, and to select those with BTEX degrading abilities. Screening of the...

Jun, 2019 pp. 4485-4492

16

Research Article

Effects of Microbial Fermentation on Cyanide Contents and Proximate Composition of Cassava Tubers

Obi, C. N.^*, Ugwu, C. J.

Yellow and white varieties of cassava (Manihot esculenta) tubers were fermented for the reduction of cyanide content and nutritional improvement. The samples were steeped separately in rain water and allowed to ferment spontaneously for 4 days. The fermenting steep water was inoculated by Spread Plate method on Nutrient, De Man Rogosa Sharpe and McConkey Agar for bacterial isolation and on Sabo...

Jun, 2019 pp. 4493-4502

17

Research Article

Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Colonization in Egg – laying Chickens and Poultry Workers in Selected Farms in Odeda Local Government Area, Ogun-state, Nigeria

Adejare R. Oloyede^*, Adediwura O. Arowosegbe, Ayomikun E. Aderounmu

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) remains a growing public health challenge. Although MRSA has been detected in pigs and other livestock in Nigeria, there are few reports on the prevalence and public health implications of MRSA in chickens. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence and antibiotic resistance patterns of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in s...

Jun, 2019 pp. 4503-4511

18

Research Article

Prevalence of Dengue Virus Antibody among Residents of a Rural Community in Southwestern, Nigeria

Okoror, L. E^*, Osanyinlusi S. A., Ukhureigbe O. M., Udenze, D. O.

Dengue is an endemic mosquito borne viral disease which is sparingly considered during routine screening for agents of febrile illnesses in Nigeria even though it has been reported across major cities in the country. We investigated the prevalence of dengue virus infection among dwellers of a rural community in Osun State, Southwestern Nigeria. Whole blood samples were collected from consenting...

Jun, 2019 pp. 4512-4517

19

Research Article

Eggshell Wastes as Potential Protein Supplement in the Production of Cellulase by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus cereus

Olukunle, Oluwatoyin Folake^*, Falayi, Micheal Abiodun

The challenges with eggshell wastes management are disposal cost, availability of dumpsite, flies and odour. However, this waste can be converted to useful materials. In this study, different gram of eggshell was substituted for proteins in nutrient broth to grow cellulase-producing bacteria. Crude and pretreated eggshell were added to 100ml of bacteriological media. Filter paper assay was used...

Jun, 2019 pp. 4518-4528

20

Research Article

Evaluation of Bacterial Load and Occurrence of enterotoxigenic coagulase Positive Staphylococcus aureus in ready-to-eat foods sold in Benin City

Oshoma C. E^*, Igwenwanne A.E., Omorotionwan B.B.

Ready-to-eat foods are easily recontaminated by microbes during post processing and may be the cause of food borne diseases. Food samples analyzed were Doughnut, Fried snail, Boiled yam/stew, Smoked fish, Moi-moi, Jollof rice, Eba and Gala obtained from vendors in Egor, Ikpoba Okha, Ovia North-East and Oredo Local Government Area (LGA) all in Benin City. The collected ready-to-eat foods were ta...

Jun, 2019 pp. 4529-4538

21

Research Article

Phytochemicals Screening and Antibacterial activity of Ethanolic leaf extracts of Terminalia catappa on some clinical bacterial isolates

Gurama, A. G^*, Shamsuddeen, U., Dahiru, A. T

This study is aimed at evaluating the antimicrobial activity of ethanolic leaves extract of Terminalia catappa on some clinical bacterial isolates. The extracts were tested in vitro on Gram negative bacteria, it was obtained from ethanol using percolation method. The sensitivity of four clinical isolates of Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Morganella morganiis, Yersina enterocolitic was tested...

Jun, 2019 pp. 4539-4544

22

Research Article

Parasitological Analysis of Vegetables Grown by Urban Farmers in Lagos State, Nigeria

*Olusegun-Joseph, Taiye Shade^*, Akande, David .O., Izuka, Lilian

Food borne parasitic diseases are prevalent in major poor regions of the world and abound where waste from definitive hosts contaminate food, resulting in infections commonly occurring in children and immunocompromised individuals. This study assessed the degree of parasitic contamination of vegetables grown in Lagos, Nigeria. Fifteen (15) different species of vegetables were collected from var...

Jun, 2019 pp. 4545-4550

23

Research Article

Phytochemical Screening and Antibacterial Efficacy of Apiary Honey on some bacteria isolated from Diabetic Foot Ulcer

Unegbu Nnachetam Valentine^*, Nwachukwu Obiora Ndubuisi, Obum-Nnadi Charity Ndidi, Nkwoemeka Ndidi Ethel, Emmanuel Nnabuike Ugbo, Egwuatu Pius Ikenna

Diabetic wounds unlike typical wounds are slower to heal, making treatment with conventional topical medications an uphill process. Among several different alternative therapies, honey is an effective choice because it provides comparatively rapid wound healing. The apiary honey samples used in this study were purchased from Umudike research Institute Umuahia, in Abia State, Southeastern Nigeri...

Jun, 2019 pp. 4551-4558

24

Research Article

Biosorption of Copper (II) ions in Aqueous Solution using Biomass of Fusarium equiseti KR706303 isolated from Mangrove soil environment

Wahab Abideen Akinkunmi^*, Awang Ahmad Sallehin Awang Husaini, Adeyemi Folasade Muibat

Bioremediation is an alternative green technology for the removal of heavy metals pollution because of their toxicity to the environment and public health. Mangrove is an extreme environment which acts as natural filters of water flowing into the sea, and retain heavy metals and sediments in the roots and soil substrate. The present study aimed to isolate efficient copper tolerant fungi from mangr...

Jun, 2019 pp. 4559-4570

25

Research Article

Seroprevalence of Helicobacter pylori Infection among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Clinic at Yusuf Dantsoho Memorial Hospital, Kaduna

Yaki, L. M^*, Ibrahim, A., Wartu, J.R., Zakka, A. W.

Helicobacter pylori is a Gram-negative bacillus known to colonize the stomach and plays a role in the creation of multiple gastrointestinal disorders which causes considerable morbidity and impose a major burden upon healthcare particularly in developing countries. This study was conducted to determine the seroprevalence of Helicobacter pylori among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic at...

Jun, 2019 pp. 4571-4577

26

Research Article

Bioremediation of Lead (Pb) by using Aspergillus terreus Isolated from Polluted Soil

Usman U. Zango^*, Tijjani, M. B., Anil K. Sharma.

Industrial effluent causes serious problem to the environment, it contain toxic chemicals such as heavy metals, dyes and other substances which affect water bodies, soil and other parts of the ecosystem. Heavy metals such as Lead (Pb), Cadmium (Cd), Chromium (Cr) and Copper (Cu) are very hazardous to human life, when released through human anthropogenic activities. Methods of removal by physico...

Jun, 2019 pp. 4578-4586

27

Research Article

Microbial Freshwater Pollution and the Associated Risks

Vincent N. Chigor^*, Chizoba A. O, Veronica J. Umoh

Microbial fresh water contamination occurs when faecal matters enter the water body. It is a global issue however; it is more severe in the developing countries due to; rapidly growing population and urbanization, land use and development, unhygienic and poor sanitation practices. Faecal matter pollution of fresh water is perhaps the most hazardous form of fresh water pollution since; it consti...

Jun, 2019 pp. 4597-4610

28

Research Article

Prevalence of Asymptomatic Bacteriuria among Pregnant Women seen at a Tertiary Hospital in Northern Nigeria

Ige, O.T.^*, Mohammed-Durosinlorun A, Ige, S.O., Jimoh, O.

The importance of screening for asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnancy can never be overemphasized. This study was done to determine the prevalence of asymptomatic urinary tract infection, the bacteriological profile and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of the isolates, amongst pregnant women attending their first antenatal clinic. Two hundred and twenty-seven pregnant women presenting for t...

Jun, 2019 pp. 4619-4625

29

Research Article

Bacterial Agents Associated With Health Care Associated Infections In Some Selected Tertiary Hospital Of Kano Metropolis, Northwest Nigeria

Alkali, B^*, Agwu, E, Sarkinfada, F, Idris, A. M, Takalmawa, H. U

Health care acquired infections (HCAIs) are those infections that occur within 48 hours of hospital admission, 3 days of discharge or 30 days of an operation. These infections have strong effect on patients because of worsening underlying medical condition and increased mortality and morbidity. They are mostly caused by microorganisms already present in or on the patient's own body. Such organi...

Jun, 2019 pp. 4626-4632

30

Research Article

Nutritional and Sensory Evaluation of Soy-Yoghurt Produced with Lactobacillus plantarum Isolated from Locally Fermented Milk (Nono)

Bukar, A.^*, Salami-Suleiman, F.A.

This study was aimed at determining the nutritional and sensory evaluation of soy yoghurt produced by fermentation of soymilk with Lactobacillus plantarum isolated from fermented skimmed cow milk. Lactobacillus platarum which was randomly isolated, and identified with biochemical and molecular processes underwent fermentation for 9 hours, together with commercial yoghurt starter culture contai...

Jun, 2019 pp. 4633-464